A influência do padrão alimentar na disfunção endotelial

Abstract

For good a vascular health an intact endothelial wall is essential, so the vascular endothelium is tightly regulated for the harmony between the endothelial cell monolayer and the blood. There are some factors that configure harmful stimuli for homeostatic balance, such as oxidative stress and inflammation, often present in overweight and obesity, that change the functioning of the circulatory system and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. In the current scenario of cardiovascular diseases, it is possible to observe the interrelationship between several risk factors that corroborate the increasingly accelerated progression of these diseases, and increasing population mortality. This article aims to summarize, through a literature review, the processes that lead to increased vascular risk in lipotoxicity and examines the effects of currently available dietary change strategies on reversal of these processes and how this translates into cardiovascular disease. The elaboration of this work was based on 47 references, which were found in books and articles taken from the Scielo, Pubmed and Google Scholar databases from 2004 to 2019. The reviewed studies show that a balanced diet without excess calories and with a good lipid profile is extremely important in the prevention of endothelial dysfunction and consequently cardiovascular disease, constituting an important risk and prevention factor. The identification of these risk factors and the biochemical pathways involved in this process enables the development of treatments to prevent and reduce morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases.