Desmame da ventilação mecânica: uma revisão da literatura.

Abstract

The acute respiratory failure is the most frequent reason for the initiation of mechanical ventilation. A very important requisite that evaluate the effectiveness of the mechanical ventilation is the exact time of its iniciation , the mode used and the exact moment of the weaning, as the use of prolonged ventilation results in risk for patients. There are several weaning modes, and the most used are: piece T trials ,Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV), Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV), Continuous Positive Airflow Pressure (CPAP), and the combination of these modes. In this work , it was made a bibliographic review that analyzes these weaning modes and which ones offer the best criteria to a rapid and successful weaning. But, no one could prove the superiority of one specific mode over the others, because there has been no consensus related to the superiority of any mode in the outcomes of weaning. However, according to the studies presented in this monograph, the PSV mode presented a better breathing muscle confort and a shorter weaning period. While the SMIV mode presented the poorest weaning outcomes from mechanical ventilation.