Exercício físico e mindfulness como tratamento de pessoas com obesidade, ansiedade e depressão

Abstract

Currently the world is experiencing an epidemic where more and more people suffer from the pathologies of obesity, anxiety and depression. Such diseases are multifactorial, and may be caused by mental disorder. People who are affected by these diseases are treated in different ways, however studies demonstrate the importance of physical activity for the three types of disease. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence that physical exercises cause by contributing to the treatment of these diseases. Although physical activity contributes positively to the treatment, there is a need to establish an exercise program, since not all are indicated for the treatment of these diseases. In this context, physical exercise with greater indication for the treatment of people with these diseases is aerobic exercise, but anaerobic exercise also presents its indications. In addition to the correct type of exercise it is important to also have a routine with a minimum time for the exercises so that they can produce the expected results. Another finding is related to the tendency that people with anxiety and depression are more likely to develop obesity due to the use of food as an escape from psychological problems and this causes a greater amount of food to be ingested than necessary to the body resulting in weight gain. In this way, physical activity treatment is indicated for obesity. Besides contributing to weight loss, it contributes to the balance of leptin and ghrelin, one of the main hormones responsible for the control of adipose tissue, as well as preventing other diseases and improve the quality of life. With regard to anxiety and depression, physical activity contributes to the control of the sympathetic and parasympathetic and hormonal systems, improving the balance of these functions, which contributes significantly to the improvement of the patients with these diseases.