Força muscular e risco cardiovascular de pacientes hemodialíticos

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular outcomes are the leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease. The sociodemographic profile and anthropometric changes in strength level, nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and heart rate variability (HRV) are indicative of cardiovascular risk (CVR) in individuals with chronic kidney disease, but there is no evidence of possible associations between such variables in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Objective: to evaluate, compare and correlate CVR through the level of strength, anthropometry, HRV and NO in hemodialysis patients. Methodology: Cross-sectional descriptive exploratory study with a convenience sample of 25 hemodialysis patients in a private clinic. Data from medical records, anthropometry (weight, circumference of the abdomen and waist), muscle strength (hand grip and knee extension), HRV and NO bioavailability were analyzed. Results: There were no differences between men and women regarding hemodialysis time, age, body mass, waist circumference and abdomen circumference, in the proportion of obese, obese with dynapenia and number of hypertensive and diabetic patients. Men had lower overall strength compared to women and a higher prevalence of dynapenia. NO bioavailability does not differ between genders, however, it demonstrates a significant association between total strength. There was no difference in the HRV indices in the time domain between the moments (rest, physiotherapy and recovery). The bioavailability of NO was significantly associated only with the RMSSD index of the HRV. Conclusion: Individuals demonstrate expressive CVR, high prevalence of dynapenia in males and correlation between total muscle strength and HRV, RMSSD index, to NO bioavailability. Keywords: Renal Insufficiency, Chronic. Hemodialysis. Cardiovascular diseases. Physical Therapy Specialty. Muscle Strength