Os desafios para o direito internacional no controle do ciberespaço: a espionagem de mão dupla entre Rússia e Estados Unidos nas eleições norte-americana de 2016

Abstract

This monograph aims to clarify the consequences of globalization and discusses the influence of the internet and its changes on international relations. The main changes in the relations between states and the information society will be discussed. We will follow a timeline of thought that goes back to the creation of the internet during the cold war, the reflections of the information society in the events of the end of the 19th century, demonstrating with emphasis the social, economic and political impact of this period. The role of international law will also be emphasized, demonstrating how difficult it is to implement laws in what became known as "cyberspace," where forces such as anonymity and dissuasion are so present that they singularly end up interfering in world geopolitics. We will treat in a unique and singular way the parallel between international law and cyberspace, highlighting the importance to understand the dynamics that arose through the media, and we will make brief conjectures about the artifice of influence between nation-states, espionage — which has gained momentum again with the emergence of the internet — and finally we will make a critical analysis of how through it it is possible to affect elections at a distance with the assistance of external agents, using the artifices of the internet to influence it.