A agenda mulheres, paz e segurança: um estudo sobre sua institucionalização nas Nações Unidas e no Brasil no século XXI

Abstract

The research analyzes how the theme of Gender and Security, through the Women, Peace and Security Agenda (WPS Agenda), was inserted normatively in the international and Brazilian agenda in the 21st century, seeking to understand its low incorporation in terms of political practices in both spaces. The research is characterized as qualitative, descriptive and exploratory, constructed through the collection of data and information about the implementation of the WPS Agenda in Brazil and worldwide. Initially, the feminist theoretical current was characterized and how it intersects with the International Security Studies, pointing out its main contributions to the field. Next, it was analyzed the standardization and implementation of the WPS Agenda within the United Nations, addressing from the normative background to the approval of Resolution 1325 (2000) – the first that proposes a gender perspective at armed conflicts and peace processes –, to its degree of implementation and the main challenges it faces today. The third moment is dedicated to analyzing the incorporation of the Agenda at the national level, both in its domestic and foreign policy, with the publication of the National Action Plan in 2017. It is argued that the slow incorporation of the Agenda at home and external level was due to the persistent low political will – manifested by the institutional instability of government mechanisms focused on women's rights and the rise of conservative ideas in the legislative and executive branches – and the insufficient substantive representation of women in decision-making bodies. Such variables are common in the analysis of implementation at international level, indicating that the aspect of political will is related to the need for institutional coherence in international organizations, as well as to the adequate financing of the Agenda.