Cistolitíase com resolução em cistotomia: relato de caso

Abstract

Cystolithiasis is the formation of crystals that aggregate and give rise to uroliths or stones in the urinary bladder due to supersaturation of urine. This disease is common in small animal clinics and is caused by several risk factors such as nutritional, genetic predisposition, low water intake, among others. The diagnosis is made through complementary imaging tests and the treatment is chosen according to the type of stone, which can be clinical and/or surgical. The objective of this work is to present this pathology through a clinical case of an 8-year-old Golden Retriever bitch, who was treated at Clínica Veterinária Cães e Cia, presenting clinical signs such as apathy, anorexia, dysuria, pollakiuria, oliguria and hematuria. Diagnosis and confirmation was carried out through ultrasound examination, which revealed the presence of several bladder stones. Some types of stones can be treated conservatively, such as increasing water intake, changing the nutritional diet and taking medications in combination, but to be effective it is necessary to identify the composition of the urolith. In the case of the animal in this study, due to the characteristics of the uroliths observed, surgical cystotomy treatment was indicated. Additional tests, such as urine culture and urolith analysis, are suggested after surgery for correct treatment and to avoid recurrences. Therefore, despite not performing these tests in the study presented, the diagnosis and surgical treatment were effective.