Análise da ocorrência de infecções de sítio cirúrgico em partos cesáreos: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

To analyze the occurrence of surgical site infections in cesarean deliveries. Methods:Integrative literature review with bibliographic search carried out in the BVS, SciELO and PUBMED databases, published between 2018 and 2022. Results: 24 articles were included. Several factors influence SSIs in cesarean deliveries, including age, duration of the operation, anemia, pathogens, pre-existing comorbidities and inadequate antibiotic prophylaxis. The nurse'srole is of paramount importance in preventing or caring for the infection with guidance and care during prenatal and puerperal care, well defined in the care protocols and in the nursing consultation. Conclusion: SSIs are most often caused by opportunistic pathogens, the main one being Staphylococcus aureus. An important factor is also anemia related to the duration and extensive bleeding during surgery. Intervention in the home environment by obstetric nurses is important, as it is essential for the mother to be clearly aware of the risks, signs and symptoms ofSSI, and the nurse is responsible for assessing and examining the woman most of the time, in addition to the fact that the nursing diagnosis aims to support decision making in order to achievethe expected results.