Síndrome de Burnout: impactos sobre o desempenho dos acadêmicos de enfermagem: um estudo de revisão

Abstract

One of the possible effects of chronic exposure to occupational stress is the triggering of Burnout Syndrome (BS), also known as professional burnout or emotional exhaustion. Objective: To describe Burnout Syndrome among Nursing students through literature, characterizing the signs and symptoms, knowing the population susceptible to the development of BS and specifying prevention mechanisms among Nursing students. Method: This is an integrative literature review. To carry out the data search, articles were selected from the following scientific bases: VHL (Virtual Health Library), LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences), Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and MEDLINE, in accordance with with the descriptors: burnout, exhaustion syndrome, student exhaustion, student exhaustion, nursing students combined with the Boolean operators AND and OR. Results: With this study, it was possible to understand Burnout Syndrome, characterized as academic exhaustion; the main signs and symptoms presented are mental exhaustion, high level of cynicism and low professional efficiency. The population susceptible to the development of this syndrome is mostly female, due to the greater prevalence of this gender in Nursing and the demands of caring for others, in addition to the prevention mechanisms that involve the implementation of institutional prevention programs. Conclusion: The academic was understood as a fundamental part of society, being a future professional who needs to be heard and welcomed in the phase in which he specializes and goes through adversities inherent to the training process.