O papel da China nas exportações de commodities brasileiras no século XXI

Abstract

The present monograph analyzes aspects of China's role in Brazilian commodity exports in the 21st century, considering Chinese growth, bilateral relations, and Brazil's historical production in this sector, from the perspective of the initial understanding of the importance of foreign trade and international relations. The objective is to understand how intrinsically linked Brazil's export agenda is to China, specifically in the sector of these primary goods understood as commodities, and how the Asian country played a fundamental role in their growth in the 21st century. The analysis of this work is carried out in three chapters, each with three subchapters. The first chapter introduces, through the lens of international relations, the necessary understanding of the importance of foreign trade, and how it is demonstrated to be more necessary for the promotion of agreements and diplomacy (largely due to globalization) than is often imagined, with support from authors such as Gilpin (2001) and Maia (2007). This opens space for the introduction and preparation of the subsequent chapters, which more effectively address the theme of exportation and bilateral relations (Brazil and China). The second chapter aims to historically explain why Brazil is a powerhouse in commodity production, not only in the 21st century but throughout its history, using authors such as Benachenhou (2013) and Piassini (2011) as a basis. The third and final chapter seeks to explain first where China's need for commodities arises, then the bilateral talks with Brazil, how Brazil is seen as the major Chinese option for such products, and finally, how this Chinese import demand ended up becoming a large part of Brazilian commodity exports in the 21st century, using quantitative data support from the ComexStat platform and data from ApexBrasil. Therefore, the interrelationship between Chinese economic expansion and the growth of Brazilian commodity exports in the 21st century demonstrates the strategic importance of bilateral relations and foreign trade. China not only boosted Brazil's commodity sector but also solidified the country's position as one of the main global suppliers of these primary goods. The analysis confirms that Brazil's export agenda is highly linked to the Chinese market, highlighting a scenario of high relation and political and commercial opportunities.