Brexit: uma análise através das questões identitárias e contextuais

Abstract

In a referendum held on June 23 of 2016 to decide on the UK's permanence in the European Union, more than 70% of voters were mobilized, deciding with 52% of the total valid votes for the British exit of the European bloc, calling this event Brexit (Britain + Exit). In this sense, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the context in which the referendum took place, considering for this purpose concepts developed within the framework of the Constructivist Theory of International Relations, as well as aspects of identity formation applied to the European Union and the United Kingdom – and their superposition. The aim is to understand the recent historical aspects of the European integration, the role of the United Kingdom in the process of forming the Union itself and its part within the bloc, in order to perceive how the relationship between both of them occurred in processes preceding the Brexit referendum. In addition, an effort is made to interpret the political game of David Cameron in proposing the popular query, the profile of the voters who participated in that process, and the more immediate post- Brexit consequences, in order to identify the general panorama in which these facts unfolded and the trends that can follow from the outcome conceived by the British population.